【英语语法句型】在学习英语的过程中，掌握常见的语法句型是提高语言运用能力的重要一步。不同的句型结构不仅有助于理解句子的含义，还能帮助我们在写作和口语中更准确地表达思想。以下是对常见英语语法句型的总结，并以表格形式进行分类展示。
一、基本句型结构
英语句子通常由主语（Subject）和谓语（Predicate）构成，根据动词的类型和句子的用途，可以分为以下几种基本句型：
| 句型 | 结构 | 示例 |
| S + V | 主语 + 动词 | She runs. |
| S + V + O | 主语 + 动词 + 宾语 | He eats an apple. |
| S + V + IO + DO | 主语 + 动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语 | She gave me a gift. |
| S + V + O + C | 主语 + 动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语 | They made him happy. |
| S + V + Adv | 主语 + 动词 + 状语 | He speaks slowly. |
二、特殊句型结构
除了基本句型外，还有一些特殊的句型结构用于表达特定的语气或逻辑关系，如强调句、倒装句、虚拟语气等。
| 句型 | 结构 | 示例 |
| 强调句 | It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 其余部分 | It was John who called me. |
| 倒装句 | 部分倒装 / 全部倒装 | Never have I seen such a thing. |
| 虚拟语气 | If + 过去式 / had + 过去分词 | If I were you, I would go. |
| 比较句 | more...than... / the more...the more... | She is more careful than her brother. |
| 否定句 | not only...but also... / neither...nor... | Not only did he fail, but he also lost his job. |
三、从句与复合句
英语中常使用从句来扩展句子内容，使表达更加丰富和准确。常见的从句包括名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句。
| 从句类型 | 结构 | 示例 |
| 名词性从句 | that / whether / if / what / who / when 等引导 | I know that he is coming. |
| 定语从句 | which / that / who / whom / whose / where / when 等引导 | The book that you gave me is very interesting. |
| 状语从句 | 时间 / 条件 / 原因 / 结果 / 目的 / 让步等引导 | Although it rained, we went out. |
四、其他常用句型
| 句型 | 结构 | 示例 |
| 感叹句 | What / How + ... | What a beautiful day! |
| 疑问句 | Do/Does/Did + 主语 + 动词 | Do you like coffee? |
| 祈使句 | 动词原形开头 | Please sit down. |
| 存在句 | There is/are + 名词 | There is a cat on the table. |
通过掌握这些常见的英语语法句型，学习者可以更有效地构建句子，提高语言表达的准确性与多样性。建议在实际应用中多加练习，逐步提升对不同句型的运用能力。